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[title] => Ponekad ga je teško otkriti, a ovo su simptomi koji ukazuju na tumor jajnika, ako primjetite neki, javite se liječniku
[alias] => ponekad-ga-je-tesko-otkriti-a-ovo-su-simptomi-koji-ukazuju-na-tumor-jajnika-ako-primjetite-neki-javite-se-lijecniku
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Rak jajnika počinje u malim organima u ženskom reproduktivnom sustavu gdje se formiraju jajašca. Rak jajnika ponekad je teško otkriti jer se simptomi razvijaju tek u kasnijoj fazi. Ova bolest se liječi kirurškim zahvatom, kemoterapijom i drugim tretmanima, piše danas.rs.
Što je rak jajnika?
Rak jajnika nastaje kada abnormalne stanice u jajnicima ili jajovodima rastu i množe se van kontrole. Jajnici su dio ženskog reproduktivnog sustava, a ta dva okrugla organa veličine oraha stvaraju jajašca tijekom reproduktivnih godina.
Koji su simptomi raka jajnika?
Rak jajnika može se razviti i proširiti po abdomenu prije nego što izazove bilo kakve simptome. To može otežati rano otkrivanje.
Simptomi raka jajnika mogu uključivati:
bol u zdjelici ili abdomenu
nelagoda ili nadutost
promjene u prehrani, kao što je rani osjećaj sitosti i nakon malog unosa hrane, kao i gubitak apetita
vaginalni iscjedak ili abnormalno krvarenje, osobito ako se krvarenje pojavi izvan menstrualnog ciklusa ili nakon menopauze
promjene u probavnom traktu, kao što su proljev ili zatvor
povećani želudac
češće mokrenje
Ako primijetite bilo koji od navedenih simptoma, svakako se javite liječniku.
No trebali biste znati da ti simptomi ne moraju nužno značiti da osoba ima rak jajnika. Mnoga druga benigna stanja mogu uzrokovati nelagodu u želucu ili gastrointestinalne probleme. Međutim, uvijek je dobra ideja dogovoriti sastanak sa svojim liječnikom ako ste zabrinuti ili ako simptomi potraju. Međutim, vaginalno krvarenje nakon menopauze nikada nije normalno. U tom slučaju što prije dogovorite pregled kod ginekologa.
Što uzrokuje rak jajnika?
Točan uzrok raka jajnika još nije poznat, ali neki ljudi imaju malo veći rizik od razvoja ovog stanja. Faktori rizika za rak jajnika su:
dob iznad 60 godina
pretilost
obiteljska povijest raka jajnika (druge žene u obitelji imale su tu bolest) ili nasljedna mutacija gena BRCA1 ili BRCA2
endometrioza
Kako se rak jajnika širi?
Ako se rak jajnika ne ukloni na vrijeme, obično se počinje širiti iz zdjelice u limfne čvorove, želudac, crijeva, dojke ili jetru.
Kako se dijagnosticira rak jajnika?
Unatoč godinama istraživanja, stručnjaci tek trebaju razviti potpuno uspješan test probira raka jajnika. Zbog toga je stanje često teško dijagnosticirati u ranim fazama. Ako vaš liječnik posumnja na rak jajnika, on ili ona će izvršiti analizu simptoma i pregled zdjelice kako bi provjerio postoje li abnormalne izrasline ili povećani organi. Liječnik može preporučiti dodatne pretrage. To su:
Snimke
Za otkrivanje raka jajnika liječnici mogu koristiti ultrazvuk zdjelice, magnetsku rezonanciju, CT (kompjuterizirana tomografija), PET (pozitronska emisijska tomografija).
Krvne pretrage
Krvni testovi traže tvar koja se zove CA-125. Visoka razina CA-125 u krvi može biti znak raka. Međutim, razine CA-125 mogu biti normalne čak i kada je rak prisutan i povišene u mnogim stanjima koja nisu povezana s rakom. Zbog toga liječnici koriste krvne pretrage u kombinaciji s drugim pretragama za dijagnosticiranje raka jajnika.
Kirurška intervencija
Liječnici mogu dijagnosticirati rak jajnika tijekom operacije. Obično, ako pronađu abnormalne izrasline, uklonit će ih tijekom istog postupka.
Laparoskopija
Tijekom laparoskopske kirurgije, kirurg postavlja tanku kameru (laparoskop) kroz mali rez napravljen u abdomenu. Na taj način može saznati više o anomaliji, napraviti biopsiju i, u nekim slučajevima, ukloniti tumore jajnika, piše danas.rs.
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Rak jajnika počinje u malim organima u ženskom reproduktivnom sustavu gdje se formiraju jajašca. Rak jajnika ponekad je teško otkriti jer se simptomi razvijaju tek u kasnijoj fazi. Ova bolest se liječi kirurškim zahvatom, kemoterapijom i drugim tretmanima, piše danas.rs.
Što je rak jajnika?
Rak jajnika nastaje kada abnormalne stanice u jajnicima ili jajovodima rastu i množe se van kontrole. Jajnici su dio ženskog reproduktivnog sustava, a ta dva okrugla organa veličine oraha stvaraju jajašca tijekom reproduktivnih godina.
Koji su simptomi raka jajnika?
Rak jajnika može se razviti i proširiti po abdomenu prije nego što izazove bilo kakve simptome. To može otežati rano otkrivanje.
Simptomi raka jajnika mogu uključivati:
bol u zdjelici ili abdomenu
nelagoda ili nadutost
promjene u prehrani, kao što je rani osjećaj sitosti i nakon malog unosa hrane, kao i gubitak apetita
vaginalni iscjedak ili abnormalno krvarenje, osobito ako se krvarenje pojavi izvan menstrualnog ciklusa ili nakon menopauze
promjene u probavnom traktu, kao što su proljev ili zatvor
povećani želudac
češće mokrenje
Ako primijetite bilo koji od navedenih simptoma, svakako se javite liječniku.
No trebali biste znati da ti simptomi ne moraju nužno značiti da osoba ima rak jajnika. Mnoga druga benigna stanja mogu uzrokovati nelagodu u želucu ili gastrointestinalne probleme. Međutim, uvijek je dobra ideja dogovoriti sastanak sa svojim liječnikom ako ste zabrinuti ili ako simptomi potraju. Međutim, vaginalno krvarenje nakon menopauze nikada nije normalno. U tom slučaju što prije dogovorite pregled kod ginekologa.
Što uzrokuje rak jajnika?
Točan uzrok raka jajnika još nije poznat, ali neki ljudi imaju malo veći rizik od razvoja ovog stanja. Faktori rizika za rak jajnika su:
dob iznad 60 godina
pretilost
obiteljska povijest raka jajnika (druge žene u obitelji imale su tu bolest) ili nasljedna mutacija gena BRCA1 ili BRCA2
endometrioza
Kako se rak jajnika širi?
Ako se rak jajnika ne ukloni na vrijeme, obično se počinje širiti iz zdjelice u limfne čvorove, želudac, crijeva, dojke ili jetru.
Kako se dijagnosticira rak jajnika?
Unatoč godinama istraživanja, stručnjaci tek trebaju razviti potpuno uspješan test probira raka jajnika. Zbog toga je stanje često teško dijagnosticirati u ranim fazama. Ako vaš liječnik posumnja na rak jajnika, on ili ona će izvršiti analizu simptoma i pregled zdjelice kako bi provjerio postoje li abnormalne izrasline ili povećani organi. Liječnik može preporučiti dodatne pretrage. To su:
Snimke
Za otkrivanje raka jajnika liječnici mogu koristiti ultrazvuk zdjelice, magnetsku rezonanciju, CT (kompjuterizirana tomografija), PET (pozitronska emisijska tomografija).
Krvne pretrage
Krvni testovi traže tvar koja se zove CA-125. Visoka razina CA-125 u krvi može biti znak raka. Međutim, razine CA-125 mogu biti normalne čak i kada je rak prisutan i povišene u mnogim stanjima koja nisu povezana s rakom. Zbog toga liječnici koriste krvne pretrage u kombinaciji s drugim pretragama za dijagnosticiranje raka jajnika.
Kirurška intervencija
Liječnici mogu dijagnosticirati rak jajnika tijekom operacije. Obično, ako pronađu abnormalne izrasline, uklonit će ih tijekom istog postupka.
Laparoskopija
Tijekom laparoskopske kirurgije, kirurg postavlja tanku kameru (laparoskop) kroz mali rez napravljen u abdomenu. Na taj način može saznati više o anomaliji, napraviti biopsiju i, u nekim slučajevima, ukloniti tumore jajnika, piše danas.rs.
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12. svibanj 2024 11:50
