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[title] => Što je glad i kad se službeno proglašava? Iznesene stravične prognoze: do srpnja će glad zavladati u ovim zemljama...
[alias] => sto-je-glad-i-kad-se-sluzbeno-proglasava-iznesene-stravicne-prognoze-do-srpnja-ce-glad-zavladati-u-ovim-zemljama
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Zbog oružanog sukoba, milijuni ljudi u Gazi je na rubu gladi. Također, UN upozorava da bi rat koji je u tijeku u Sudanu mogao izazvati najveću krizu gladi u svijetu.
Što je službeno glad i kada se proglašava?
Glad se javlja kada zemlja ima toliki nedostatak hrane da stanovništvu prijeti akutna pothranjenost, gladovanje ili smrt. Taj status obično proglašavaju Ujedinjeni narodi, ponekad u suradnji s vladom te zemlje, a često i s drugim međunarodnim organizacijama za pomoć ili humanitarnim agencijama.
Glad se utvrđuje pomoću UN-ove klasifikacije faza sigurnosti hrane (IPC). Nestašica hrane u zemlji - ili njezina nesigurnost - rangirana je prema pet faza ozbiljnosti, a glad je peta i najgora. Da bi glad bila službeno proglašena, tri stvari se moraju dogoditi na određenom geografskom području:
- najmanje 20 posto kućanstava suočava se s ekstremnim nedostatkom hrane
- najmanje 30 posto djece pati od akutne pothranjenosti
- dvoje odraslih ili četvero djece u populaciji od 10000 umiru svaki dan od izravne gladi ili povezane pothranjenosti i bolesti.
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Zašto Gazi i Sudanu prijeti glad
Prema UN-u, glad je neizbježna u Gazi, a mogla bi se dogoditi između ožujka i svibnja 2024. Dolazi nakon nekoliko mjeseci sukoba između Izraela i Gaze, nakon napada Hamasa 7. listopada. Polovica stanovništva gladuje - oko 1,1 milijun ljudi - prema IPC klasifikaciji. UN je ustvrdio da Gaza ima "najveći postotak ljudi koji se suočavaju s visokom razinom akutne nesigurnosti hrane koji je ikada klasificiran od strane IPC inicijative za bilo koje područje ili zemlju".
Dužnosnici UN-a također su upozorili da je tekući sukob u Sudanu gurnuo zemlju u jednu od najgorih humanitarnih noćnih mora u novijoj povijesti, što bi moglo izazvati najveću svjetsku krizu gladi.
Prema Svjetskom programu za hranu Ujedinjenih naroda (WFP), gotovo 18 milijuna ljudi u Sudanu suočava se s akutnom nestašicom hrane kao posljedicom građanskog rata koji je izbio u travnju 2023. godine. UNICEF navodi da je pothranjenost male djece iznad najgorih projekcija, kao i da je bilo epidemija kolere, malih boginja i malarije.
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Kojim još zemljama prijeti glad?
Grupa za pomoć Action Against Hunger rekla je da nekoliko drugih zemalja također ima vrlo zabrinjavajuću situaciju. To uključuje Afganistan, Demokratsku Republiku Kongo, etiopsku regiju Tigray, Pakistan, Somaliju, Siriju i Jemen. VFP je u ožujku 2024. upozorio da je Haiti - koji prolazi kroz tešku političku i gospodarsku krizu usred sve većeg nasilja bandi - na rubu katastrofalne krize gladi. Oko 1,4 milijuna ljudi kategorizirano je kao na rubu gladi, s još tri milijuna na razini ispod. IPC-jev opis situacije s dostupnošću hrane na Haitiju je "alarmantan".
Action Against Hunger kaže da su oružani sukobi "ključni uzrok gladi diljem svijeta". U Sudanu krive nedovoljnu proizvodnju hrane koja je uzrokovala visoke cijene. Također navode da trenutni sukob u Gazi onemogućuje ulazak hrane, goriva i vode o kojima ovisi život na taj teritorij.
Međunarodni odbor za spašavanje (IRC) ističe da suša i propali usjevi, uzrokovani ekstremnim vremenskim uvjetima, kao posljedica klimatskih promjena, dovode do sveopće nestašice hrane, posebno u istočnoj Africi. El Niño - klimatski obrazac koji opisuje neobično zagrijavanje vodenih površina u Tihom oceanu - već je imao negativan utjecaj na zalihe hrane u jugoistočnoj Aziji i Latinskoj Americi.
Što se mijenja kada se službeno proglasi glad?
Proglašenje gladi ne otvara mogućnost posebnog financiranja. Međutim, to često izaziva veliku međunarodnu reakciju UN-a i svjetskih vlada, koje mogu osigurati zalihe hrane i dodijeliti hitna sredstva. Mnoge agencije obično isporučuju pomoć prije nego što se proglasi glad, samo kako bi je izbjegle, obično kada je zemlja klasificirana kao treća ili viša faza.
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Gdje je prije bila proglašena glad?
Glad je posljednji put proglašena 2017. u Južnom Sudanu. Nakon tri godine građanskog rata, gotovo 80.000 ljudi suočilo se s glađu, a još milijun je bilo na rubu gladi. Tada je UN isticao posljedice rata na poljoprivredu. Poljoprivrednici su izgubili stoku, biljna proizvodnja bila je znatno onemogućena, a inflacija je enormna. Prethodne gladi uključuju one u južnoj Somaliji 2011., u južnom Sudanu 2008., u Sjevernoj Koreji 1996., u Somaliji 1991.-1992. i u Etiopiji 1984.-1985. Između 1845., i 1852., Irsku je pogodilo razdoblje gladovanja, bolesti i iseljavanja poznato kao Velika glad. Vjeruje se da je oko milijun ljudi umrlo kada je usjeve krumpira, koji su hranili trećinu stanovništva, uništila bolest, no izvoz se nastavio u Veliku Britaniju, koja je u to vrijeme vladala cijelim otokom.
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page_title=Što je glad i kad se službeno proglašava? Iznesene stravične prognoze: do srpnja će glad zavladati u ovim zemljama...
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Zbog oružanog sukoba, milijuni ljudi u Gazi je na rubu gladi. Također, UN upozorava da bi rat koji je u tijeku u Sudanu mogao izazvati najveću krizu gladi u svijetu.
Što je službeno glad i kada se proglašava?
Glad se javlja kada zemlja ima toliki nedostatak hrane da stanovništvu prijeti akutna pothranjenost, gladovanje ili smrt. Taj status obično proglašavaju Ujedinjeni narodi, ponekad u suradnji s vladom te zemlje, a često i s drugim međunarodnim organizacijama za pomoć ili humanitarnim agencijama.
Glad se utvrđuje pomoću UN-ove klasifikacije faza sigurnosti hrane (IPC). Nestašica hrane u zemlji - ili njezina nesigurnost - rangirana je prema pet faza ozbiljnosti, a glad je peta i najgora. Da bi glad bila službeno proglašena, tri stvari se moraju dogoditi na određenom geografskom području:
- najmanje 20 posto kućanstava suočava se s ekstremnim nedostatkom hrane
- najmanje 30 posto djece pati od akutne pothranjenosti
- dvoje odraslih ili četvero djece u populaciji od 10000 umiru svaki dan od izravne gladi ili povezane pothranjenosti i bolesti.
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Zašto Gazi i Sudanu prijeti glad
Prema UN-u, glad je neizbježna u Gazi, a mogla bi se dogoditi između ožujka i svibnja 2024. Dolazi nakon nekoliko mjeseci sukoba između Izraela i Gaze, nakon napada Hamasa 7. listopada. Polovica stanovništva gladuje - oko 1,1 milijun ljudi - prema IPC klasifikaciji. UN je ustvrdio da Gaza ima "najveći postotak ljudi koji se suočavaju s visokom razinom akutne nesigurnosti hrane koji je ikada klasificiran od strane IPC inicijative za bilo koje područje ili zemlju".
Dužnosnici UN-a također su upozorili da je tekući sukob u Sudanu gurnuo zemlju u jednu od najgorih humanitarnih noćnih mora u novijoj povijesti, što bi moglo izazvati najveću svjetsku krizu gladi.
Prema Svjetskom programu za hranu Ujedinjenih naroda (WFP), gotovo 18 milijuna ljudi u Sudanu suočava se s akutnom nestašicom hrane kao posljedicom građanskog rata koji je izbio u travnju 2023. godine. UNICEF navodi da je pothranjenost male djece iznad najgorih projekcija, kao i da je bilo epidemija kolere, malih boginja i malarije.
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Kojim još zemljama prijeti glad?
Grupa za pomoć Action Against Hunger rekla je da nekoliko drugih zemalja također ima vrlo zabrinjavajuću situaciju. To uključuje Afganistan, Demokratsku Republiku Kongo, etiopsku regiju Tigray, Pakistan, Somaliju, Siriju i Jemen. VFP je u ožujku 2024. upozorio da je Haiti - koji prolazi kroz tešku političku i gospodarsku krizu usred sve većeg nasilja bandi - na rubu katastrofalne krize gladi. Oko 1,4 milijuna ljudi kategorizirano je kao na rubu gladi, s još tri milijuna na razini ispod. IPC-jev opis situacije s dostupnošću hrane na Haitiju je "alarmantan".
Action Against Hunger kaže da su oružani sukobi "ključni uzrok gladi diljem svijeta". U Sudanu krive nedovoljnu proizvodnju hrane koja je uzrokovala visoke cijene. Također navode da trenutni sukob u Gazi onemogućuje ulazak hrane, goriva i vode o kojima ovisi život na taj teritorij.
Međunarodni odbor za spašavanje (IRC) ističe da suša i propali usjevi, uzrokovani ekstremnim vremenskim uvjetima, kao posljedica klimatskih promjena, dovode do sveopće nestašice hrane, posebno u istočnoj Africi. El Niño - klimatski obrazac koji opisuje neobično zagrijavanje vodenih površina u Tihom oceanu - već je imao negativan utjecaj na zalihe hrane u jugoistočnoj Aziji i Latinskoj Americi.
Što se mijenja kada se službeno proglasi glad?
Proglašenje gladi ne otvara mogućnost posebnog financiranja. Međutim, to često izaziva veliku međunarodnu reakciju UN-a i svjetskih vlada, koje mogu osigurati zalihe hrane i dodijeliti hitna sredstva. Mnoge agencije obično isporučuju pomoć prije nego što se proglasi glad, samo kako bi je izbjegle, obično kada je zemlja klasificirana kao treća ili viša faza.
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Gdje je prije bila proglašena glad?
Glad je posljednji put proglašena 2017. u Južnom Sudanu. Nakon tri godine građanskog rata, gotovo 80.000 ljudi suočilo se s glađu, a još milijun je bilo na rubu gladi. Tada je UN isticao posljedice rata na poljoprivredu. Poljoprivrednici su izgubili stoku, biljna proizvodnja bila je znatno onemogućena, a inflacija je enormna. Prethodne gladi uključuju one u južnoj Somaliji 2011., u južnom Sudanu 2008., u Sjevernoj Koreji 1996., u Somaliji 1991.-1992. i u Etiopiji 1984.-1985. Između 1845., i 1852., Irsku je pogodilo razdoblje gladovanja, bolesti i iseljavanja poznato kao Velika glad. Vjeruje se da je oko milijun ljudi umrlo kada je usjeve krumpira, koji su hranili trećinu stanovništva, uništila bolest, no izvoz se nastavio u Veliku Britaniju, koja je u to vrijeme vladala cijelim otokom.
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[ordering] => 11
[alias] => exclude_comments
)
[11] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 70
[name] => Open link in new window
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 12
[alias] => open_link_in_new_window
)
[12] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 71
[name] => Horizontal crop of the main photo
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 13
[alias] => horizontal_crop_of_the_main_photo
)
[13] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 73
[name] => No-index
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 15
[alias] => no_index
)
[14] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 74
[name] => No-cache
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 16
[alias] => no_cache
)
[15] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 77
[name] => Don't show on the front page
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 17
[alias] => dont_show_on_the_front_page
)
[16] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 78
[name] => Related on bottom
[value] => ON
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 18
[alias] => related_on_bottom
)
[17] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 79
[name] => Live button
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 19
[alias] => live_button
)
[26] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 87
[name] => Instant articles
[value] => ON
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 28
[alias] => instant_articles
)
[27] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 91
[name] => S preporučuje
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 29
[alias] => s_preporucuje
)
[28] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 92
[name] => S voli
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 30
[alias] => s_voli
)
[29] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 93
[name] => Layout with three photos
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 31
[alias] => layout_with_three_photos
)
[30] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 94
[name] => Gallery in the article
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 32
[alias] => gallery_in_the_article
)
[31] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 95
[name] => Required views
[value] => 0
[type] => textfield
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 33
[alias] => required_views
)
[32] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 96
[name] => FullHD image
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 34
[alias] => fullhd_image
)
[33] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 97
[name] => City Select
[value] => (0)
[type] => select
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 35
[alias] => CitySelect
)
[34] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 98
[name] => Paid Article
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 36
[alias] => paid_article
)
[35] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 99
[name] => SD na licu mjesta
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 37
[alias] => SD_na_licu_mjesta
)
[36] => stdClass Object
(
[id] => 100
[name] => Important article
[value] => OFF
[type] => radio
[group] => 9
[published] => 1
[ordering] => 38
[alias] => Important_article
)
)
15. svibanj 2024 19:17
